Centos 安装 PHP7.4 和 Nginx的操作方法

准备

1、下载所需安装包

wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.0.tar.gz
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.17.6.tar.gz

2、安装所需扩展

yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make cmake bison autoconf wget lrzsz libtool libtool-ltdl-devel freetype-devel libjpeg.x86_64 libjpeg-devel libpng-devel gd-devel python-devel patch sudo openssl* openssl openssl-devel ncurses-devel bzip* bzip2 unzip zlib-devel libevent* libxml* libxml2-devel libcurl* curl-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel libsodium-devel https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/o/oniguruma-5.9.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/o/oniguruma-devel-5.9.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm

安装PHP

1、解压-进入目录-生成编译文件

tar -zxvf php-7.4.0.tar.gz
cd php-7.4.0
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/php \
–with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/etc/ \
–with-mhash –with-pdo-mysql \
–with-openssl –with-mysqli \
–with-iconv –with-zlib \
–enable-inline-optimization \
–disable-debug –disable-rpath \
–enable-shared –enable-xml \
–enable-bcmath –enable-shmop \
–enable-sysvsem –enable-sysvshm –enable-mbregex \
–enable-mbstring –enable-ftp \
–enable-pcntl –enable-sockets \
–with-xmlrpc –enable-soap \
–without-pear –with-gettext \
–enable-session –with-curl \
–enable-opcache –enable-fpm \
–without-gdbm –enable-fast-install \
–disable-fileinfo –with-sodium

2、编译并安装

make && make install

3、配置文件

1.复制配置文件到安装目录

cp ~/php-7.4.0/php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

2.修改PHP 配置文件 php.ini

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

内容修改如下：

;不显示错误，默认
display_errors = Off

;在关闭display_errors后开启PHP错误日志（路径在php-fpm.conf中配置），默认
log_errors = On

;字符集，默认
default_charset = “UTF-8”

;文件上传大小，默认值太小，建议修改10M
upload_max_filesize = 2M

;Maximum size of POST data that PHP will accept. 表单最大值，默认是8M，如果表单含有多图上传，大小可能不够。超过该大小后台收不到表单数据
post_max_size = 8M

;设置PHP的扩展库路径，默认被注释了，之后一个文件夹于你/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/ 下的文件夹同名。
extension_dir = “/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20151012/”

;设置PHP的时区
date.timezone = PRC

;开启opcache，默认是0
[opcache]
; Determines if Zend OPCache is enabled
opcache.enable=1

3.修改php-fpm 的配置文件 php-fpm.conf

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

内容修改如下

; 去掉里分号，方便以后重启。建议修改
;Default Value: none
; 下面的值最终目录是/usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
; 开启后可以平滑重启php-fpm
pid = run/php-fpm.pid

; 设置错误日志的路径，可以默认值
; Note: the default prefix is /usr/local/php/var
; Default Value: log/php-fpm.log, 即/usr/local/php/var/log/php-fpm.log
error_log = /var/log/php-fpm/error.log

; Log等级，可以默认值
; Possible Values: alert, error, warning, notice, debug
; Default Value: notice
log_level = notice

; 后台运行，默认yes，可以默认值
; Default Value: yes
;daemonize = yes

; 引入www.conf文件中的配置，可以默认值
include=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf

4.修改 www.conf

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

内容修改如下：

; 设置用户和用户组，默认都是nobody。可以默认值
user = nginx
group = nginx

; 设置PHP监听
; 下面是默认值，不建议使用。可以默认值
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
; 根据nginx.conf中的配置fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock;
;listen = /var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock

######开启慢日志。可以默认值
slowlog = /var/log/php-fpm/$pool-slow.log
request_slowlog_timeout = 10s

4、php-fpm 操作

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t # php-fpm检测配置文件是否正确
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm # php-fpm启动
kill -INT `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid` # php-fpm关闭
kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid` #php-fpm平滑重启

安装nginx

1、解压-进入目录-生成编译文件

tar -zxvf nginx-1.17.6.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.17.6
./configure \
–prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
–with-http_stub_status_module \
–with-http_ssl_module \
–with-http_realip_module \
–with-http_sub_module \
–with-http_gzip_static_module \
–with-pcre

2、编译 && 安装

make
make install

测试一下 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful #测试成功

3、配置文件

1.配置 nginx.conf,执行 vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

内容修改如下

#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /www/logs/nginx/error.log;
error_log /www/logs/nginx/error_notice.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
#显示目录
#autoindex on;
#显示文件大小
#autoindex_exact_size on;
#显示文件时间
#autoindex_localtime on;
include /www/conf/vhosts/*.conf;
}

2.添加网站配置文件

vim /www/conf/vhosts/default.conf

文件内容如下

server{
listen 80;
server_name localhost,www.test.com;
root /www/web/default;
location / {
#开启 url 美化
if (!-e $request_filename){
rewrite ^/(.*) /index.php last;
}
index index.html index.php;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
include fastcgi.conf;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
try_files $uri = 404;
}
}

4、测试配置

运行 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t，若测试失败，返回检查执行步骤是否有错误

5、nginx 操作

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t # 检测配置文件是否正确
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx # 启动
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop # 关闭
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload #平滑重启