CentOS/RHEL最小化安装图形化

图形化，一般不再服务器中安装。为了提升系统的利用率。

CentOS的yum源对应CentOS的源

RHEL的yum源对应RHEL的源

01、挂载ISO配置本地yum源

ISO挂载

#mount /dev/sr0 /mnt                       \\ 把光盘挂载到“/mnt”上面
#df                                                  \\查看是否已经挂载

配置yum

vi /etc/yum.repo.cdrom.repo

[rhel]

name=rhel

baseurl=file:///mnt

gpgcheck=0

enabled=1

测试yum

yum makecache

yum repolist

02、安装图形化组件

此组件列表是RHEL6.5的ISO源–X Window System，Centos6.5图形化组件–Server with GUI
[root@jiao ~]# yum grouplist  #查看群组件
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Group Process
Repository ‘rhel’ is missing name in configuration, using id
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
rhel/group_gz                                      | 204 kB    00:00 …
Installed Groups:
  Additional Development
  E-mail server
  General Purpose Desktop
  Graphical Administration Tools
  Legacy X Window Systemcompatibility
  Perl Support
  Security Tools
  Web Server
Available Groups:
  Backup Client
  Backup Server
  Base
  CIFS file server
  Client management tools
  Compatibility libraries
  Console internet tools
  Debugging Tools
  Desktop
  Desktop Debugging and Performance Tools
  Desktop Platform
  Desktop Platform Development
  Development tools
  Dial-up Networking Support
  Directory Client
  Directory Server
  Eclipse
  Emacs
  FCoE Storage Client
  FTP server
  Fonts
  Graphics Creation Tools
  Hardware monitoring utilities
  Identity Management Server
  Infiniband Support
  Input Methods
  Internet Browser
  Java Platform
  KDE Desktop
  Large Systems Performance
  Legacy UNIX compatibility
  Mainframe Access
  Messaging Client Support
  MySQL Database client
  MySQL Database server
  NFS file server
  Network Infrastructure Server
  Network Storage Server
  Network file system client
  Networking Tools
  PHP Support
  Performance Tools
  PostgreSQL Database client
  PostgreSQL Database server
  Print Server
  Printing client
  Remote Desktop Clients
  Ruby Support
  SNMP Support
  Scientific support
  Server Platform
  Server Platform Development
  Smart card support
  Storage Availability Tools
  System Management
  System administration tools
  TeX support
  Technical Writing
  TurboGears application framework
  Virtualization
  Virtualization Client
  Virtualization Platform
  Virtualization Tools
  Web Servlet Engine
  Web-Based Enterprise Management
  X Window System
  iSCSI Storage Client
Available Language Groups:
  Afrikaans Support [af]
  Albanian Support [sq]
  Amazigh Support [ber]
   
 #yum -y groupinstall “Server with GUI”      \\ 安装图形化程序组

启动图形化startx

RHEL7命令

[root@localhost Desktop]# systemctl get-default          \\查看默认运行级别
multi-user.target
[root@localhost Desktop]# cat /etc/inittab
# inittab is no longer used when using systemd.
#
# ADDING CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.
#
# Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /etc/systemd/system/ctrl-alt-del.target
#
# systemd uses ‘targets’ instead of runlevels. By default, there are two main targets:
#
# multi-user.target: analogous to runlevel 3                \\运行级别3：多用户界面
# graphical.target: analogous to runlevel 5                  \\运行级别5：图形化界面
# # To set a default target, run: # # ln -sf /lib/systemd/system/.target

/etc/systemd/system/default.target #
[root@localhost Desktop]#

systemctl set-default graphical.target \\设置默认图形化运行级别
rm ‘/etc/systemd/system/default.target’
ln -s ‘/usr/lib/systemd/system/graphical.target’ ‘/etc/systemd/system/default.target’
[root@localhost Desktop]# systemctl get-default                    \\查看默认运行级别
graphical.target                                                    \\图形化设置OK
[root@localhost Desktop]#