本篇文章重点为大家讲解一下Ubuntu 18.04.1 中常用的一些操作，有需要的小伙伴可以参考一下。
却换到 root 并更改密码
用普通用户登录系统后，执行 sudo -s 命令切换到 root 模式
更改 root 密码
更改网卡配置
静态IP
root@jaking-virtual-machine:~# vim /etc/network/interfaces
root@jaking-virtual-machine:~# cat /etc/network/interfaces# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto ens33
iface ens33 inet static
address 192.168.10.6
gateway 192.168.10.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
dns-nameservers 114.114.114.114
root@jaking-virtual-machine:~# /etc/init.d/networking restart
[ ok ] Restarting networking (via systemctl): networking.service.
root@jaking-virtual-machine:~# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163
mtu 1500 inet 192.168.10.6 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.10.255 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe05:75fb prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 ether 00:0c:29:05:75:fb txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 7529 bytes 9810758 (9.8 MB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 2430 bytes 233194 (233.1 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73
mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10 loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 322 bytes 25983 (25.9 KB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 322 bytes 25983 (25.9 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
动态IP
root@jaking-virtual-machine:~# vim /etc/network/interfaces
root@jaking-virtual-machine:~# cat /etc/network/interfaces# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto ens33
iface ens33 inet dhcp
#address 192.168.10.6#gateway 192.168.10.2#netmask 255.255.255.0#dns-nameservers 114.114.114.114
root@jaking-virtual-machine:~# /etc/init.d/networking restart
[ ok ] Restarting networking (via systemctl): networking.service.
root@jaking-virtual-machine:~# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163
mtu 1500 inet 192.168.10.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.10.255 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe05:75fb prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 ether 00:0c:29:05:75:fb txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 7637 bytes 9823020 (9.8 MB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 2606 bytes 253459 (253.4 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73
mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10 loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 393 bytes 30932 (30.9 KB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 393 bytes 30932 (30.9 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 root@jaking-virtual-machine:~
# ping www.baidu.com PING www.baidu.com (14.215.177.38) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from www.baidu.com (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=7.42 ms 64 bytes from www.baidu.com (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=7.18 ms 64 bytes from www.baidu.com (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=7.96 ms 64 bytes from www.baidu.com (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=7.32 ms ^C --- www.baidu.com ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3006ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 7.182/7.472/7.963/0.314 ms
临时IP4
root@jaking-virtual-machine:~# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163
mtu 1500 inet 192.168.10.6 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.10.255 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe05:75fb prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 ether 00:0c:29:05:75:fb txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 348 bytes 34488 (34.4 KB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 575 bytes 48711 (48.7 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73
mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10 loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 976 bytes 82275 (82.2 KB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 976 bytes 82275 (82.2 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 root@jaking-virtual-machine:~
# ping www.163.com PING z163ipv6.v.bsgslb.cn (183.47.233.6) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 183.47.233.6 (183.47.233.6): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=5.09 ms 64 bytes from 183.47.233.6 (183.47.233.6): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=8.10 ms 64 bytes from 183.47.233.6 (183.47.233.6): icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=6.68 ms 64 bytes from 183.47.233.6 (183.47.233.6): icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=5.93 ms ^C --- z163ipv6.v.bsgslb.cn ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3006ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 5.094/6.457/8.109/1.110 ms root@jaking-virtual-machine:~
# ifconfig ens33 192.168.100.163 root@jaking-virtual-machine:~
# ifconfig ens33: flags=4163
mtu 1500 inet 192.168.100.163 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe05:75fb prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 ether 00:0c:29:05:75:fb txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 351 bytes 34885 (34.8 KB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 586 bytes 50269 (50.2 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73
mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10 loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 980 bytes 82521 (82.5 KB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 980 bytes 82521 (82.5 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 root@jaking-virtual-machine:~
# ping www.163.com ping: www.163.com: Name or service not known
配置 DNS
root@jaking-virtual-machine:~# vim /etc/systemd/resolved.conf
root@jaking-virtual-machine:~# cat /etc/systemd/resolved.conf# This file is part of systemd.## systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or# (at your option) any later version.## Entries in this file show the compile time defaults.# You can change settings by editing this file.# Defaults can be restored by simply deleting this file.## See resolved.conf(5) for details
[Resolve]
#DNS=192.168.10.2
DNS=114.114.114.114
#FallbackDNS=#Domains=#LLMNR=no#MulticastDNS=no#DNSSEC=no#Cache=yes#DNSStubListener=yes改完DNS后，最好重启一下Ubuntu系统。
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